Music Today Just a Bunch of Garbage Essay Example For Students

Music Today: Just a Bunch of Garbage? Exposition Its 4:00 pm and you just returned home from school. You turn on the radio just to hear a few media produced stuff grouped together by some faltering rhythms. This is unfortunetly, the music of today. Alongside popular music and kid groups, option and exciting music has , basically gone to the pits. Theres really no other method to put it. The media has been spoonfeeding us talentless trash and sell outs for quite a long time yet it is just presently showing its force on MTV and the radio. Without a doubt, popular music and kid groups make incredible music to move to, yet theres no ability there. Teaching young ladies as youthful as eight years of age, groups like NSYNC and the Backstreet young men have just begun to form the brains of the little individuals. This really panics me ; the way that such media produced poop is forming the very personalities of individuals so powerless thus youthful is debilitated. At that point theres the overwhelming metal. Its majority, in any event presently, is simply power lines, in a steady progression, and shouting uncomprehensible words and obsenities into a receiver. There is trust, however. Specialists like stun rocker Marilyn Manson and Incubus rouse individuals to begin thinking. You may not concur with what they are stating or composing , however in any event they are getting you to think. So what would you like to hear when you turn on the radio? A shouting fellow with tearing force ropes? A nauseating lovey dovey melody , seventy five percent created by a machine and just twenty five percent actully recorded? I dont need to hear either and neither wraps up of the adolecsent populace of America. Music has gone to poo and it needs to change. Quick.

Tillie Olsen’s I Stand Here Ironing Essay -- Olsen Stand Here Ironing

Tillie Olsen’s I Stand Here Ironing Tillie Olsen was conceived in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1913, the offspring of political displaced people from Russia. Olsen dropped out of school at sixteen years old to help bolster her family during the downturn. She turned out to be politically dynamic in the Young Communist League and was engaged with the Warehouse Union’s work questions in Kansas City. Her first novel, Yonnondio, about a poor, common laborers family, was started when she was nineteen. While composing the novel throughout the following four years, she brought forth her first kid and was disregarded to raise the infant after her significant other relinquished her. She wedded Jack Olsen in 1936 and had three additional kids. She remained politically dynamic and held down different occupations while raising her family all through the 1940s and mid 1950s. In 1953 she was at last ready to come back to composing after her most youthful kid began to class. Olsen took a crack at a fiction composing course at San Francisco State College in 1953. She won an exploratory writing partnership for 1955 and 1956 from Stanford University. Her first book of short stories, Tell Me a Riddle, was distributed in 1961, which set up her notoriety for being a women's activist author. The 1970s carried Olsen more reputation with a few awards and experimental writing partnerships. In 1974 she distributed the still-incomplete Yonnondio. An assortment of papers about different conditions which quietness artistic creation, Silences was distributed in 1978. In spite of the fact that Olsen’s assortment of distributed work is viewed as little, her short stories from Tell Me a Riddle, which incorporate I Stand Here Ironing, have been remembered for more than fifty compilations and have been converted into a wide range of dialects. I Stand Here Ironing is a self-portraying story of the r... ... (1134). Olsen works in various subtleties to represent the penances she made in her life. In any case, rather than blame, outrage, or affliction, the creator radiates a feeling of frailty as she sees her girl float out of her mother’s passionate reach. As the title proposes, Olsen is truly pressing garments in the story, yet she incorporates the iron as an allegory for the defenselessness she feels as a lady battling to help her family in a male overwhelmed society. One might say, Olsen is the dress lying vulnerable before the iron of society and she lives for the day that her little girl will defeat the life-depleting family life of ages of ladies who go before her. Work Cited Sanctions, Ann, ed. The Story and It’s Writer. Boston: Bedford, 1999. Olsen, Tillie. I Stand Here Ironing. The Story and It’s Writer. Ed. Ann Charters. Boston: Bedford, 1999. 1129-1134.

Domestic Violence Home

Domestic Violence Home Children That Grow Up In Domestic Violence Home Home›Research Posts›Children That Grow Up In Domestic Violence Home Research PostsIntroductionThe question of what domestic violence is and its causes has been a question that for a long time has been begging answers, on its face, it is defined as the use of abusive ways by a partner in a relationship to gain control over the other partner. However, in its strict sense, it is the use of various ways not exactly physical by a partner in a relationship to the detriment of the other partner or family. According to Winkel (24), it is the use of means such as name calling, sexual assault, intimidation, physical abuse, withholding of money among other ways so as to make a partner look inferior in a relationship.In law, violence is criminal and acts of physical assault which may include hitting, shoving or sexual abuse which may include rape and stalking are punishable in law. Although other forms of abuse such as emotional and/or psychol ogical abuse are criminal in nature, they may be catalysts of criminal offences. Statistics in the US indicate that between 3 4 million children ranging from 3- 17 are at a risk of domestic violence each year, 95% of the cases usually involve women who are victims of their male counterparts and this implies that the children to this women are exposed to the violence (Winkel, 99).In my case I have been constantly exposed to the cases of violence appropriated to both my mother and I, over the years, I have been forced to come to terms with the daily happenings albeit disturbing., every time I see my dad, I develop phobia against him and as     a result, I am very fearful and anxious since I do not know what will happen next. Winkel (47) states that children exposed to domestic violence are “always on guard, watching and waiting for the next event to occur”, he is of the opinion that the children never know what may be the next cause of the abuse and this creates a feeling of inse curity in the children, “they are always worried for themselves, their mother, and their siblings”.Causes of Domestic ViolencePhysiological TheoryThere are varied theories used in explaining real cause of domestic violence.   For instance the physiological theory keenly focuses on the personality traits and the mental character of the offender. To many author personality disorders are factors and other abusive experiences while as child leads some people to remain violent at adult. The study reveals higher incidence of psychopathy among the abuser.   Environments were violence is either thought or accepted, creates the normal will that further imprints upon the child’s psyche (Chalk, 76). The act of violence especially issues touching on domestic matters, more often is linked to poor self-esteem. This is adapted in to children as they grow up in violent homes. Children from this background are more likely to have little self-worth. They do engage much of their time in a patter n that is liked to negative self-talk. This part of the encounters that brings about isolation and frustration in it hidden anger developed due to inflicted filling of helplessness. At this stage anger marks the primary source, which further fuels the will fan, and thus increased flames of domestic violence. Use of drugs, for instance alcohol abuse may be one among many precursor of domestic violence. The drugs tend to have influence that is seen responsible for uncontrolled behaviour among its users. Most of the commonality cases among alcoholic families, accounts for poor emotional health, to certain extend this develops a secondary anger, which responsibly works as ineffective substitute in dealing honestly with emotions (Chalk, 89).Resource TheoryThe resource theory explains dependant, in this theory the violent action takes place were women dependence on   the spouse for economic support, hence subjected to childcare, in this the fear of increased financial burden arises if the y have to leave the marriage. The increased dependency creates narrowed options concerning resources to help them cope with the change witnessed. The spouse behaviour typically accounts for an increase frequency in domestic conflicts. Where individual experiences loss of physical health and wage earning-power, this mostly is brought out when victims faces the pressure of paying off bills, and this is initiated through inability to fully respond effectively to the required responsibilities.There are reported cases that reflect increased conflicts as a result of inflicted feeling of helplessness, the anger builds up making the offender inadequate coping with the involved mechanism, hence eruption of domestic violence. For spouse that share powers equally incidents of conflicts are reduced, if conflicts arise there are less likely to resort to violence ends. However, if one of the spouses assumes control and power in relationship, this might inflict increased spouse abuse, isolation, i ncreased blames on each spouse, thus violent happenings (Chalk, 93).Behaviours Exhibited by Children Facing Family ViolenceThere are two major behaviours that children in abusive relationships will exhibit; these can be physical or emotional. Emotional behaviour may include the fear that their parents may kill themselves, they may feel guilty over a small thing that he/ she does. Many at times their is sleep disturbance since most fighting happen at night, the child is normally distracted by the noise from the fight; sadness is another habit, this is the mode that a child has to adopt due to fights that happen, depression and anger will also be exhibited because the child will not know what will happen next at any given time, failure to prevent violence in the family will multiply to emotional stress and unresolved anger (Johnson, 12)Apart from emotional behaviour the child can also develop physical responses towards domestic violence, most of the children experience physical abuse as well as sexual abuse, and they can also be injured while trying to intervene on behalf of their mother or father which may lead to injury. Because children are so imitative they tend to practice what they see happen at their home to their fellow children, they will practice withdrawal and anxiousness to please as well as physical violence at the slightest provocation.   Many children experiencing domestic violence are very anxious to an extent that they cannot concentrate in class due to low attention span, resulting to poor performance in school. They sometimes use aggression and violence to express themselves which is not healthy for a child.Long Term Effects of Domestic ViolenceConsistent ViolenceThe long term effects of domestic violence may be very catastrophic; experts have it that most children who are raised in violent environments will have a tendency to solve problems through violence. They tend to repeat the same actions they witnessed while growing up thereby harming their peers. Krug argues that boys who have witnessed violence against their mothers are likely to abuse their female partners when they become adults as compared to boys who have grown up in peaceful homes. During adolescence, girls will tend to grow up believing that it is the norm in relationships to have threats and violence (Ascione et al, 24).Drug and Substance abuseDrug abuse and alcoholism is another likely trend that children from violent homes will exhibit. Most children tend to indulge in alcoholism and substance abuse as a way of forgetting the abuse. According to Johnson (19) witnessing domestic violence is “the single best predictor of juvenile delinquency and adult criminality. It is also the number one reason children run away”. Children who have witnessed domestic violence in their homes always have the belief that they are the reason for the abuse and therefore live in fear. In families where domestic violence is rife, there are very high chances of the occurre nce of child abuse, according to the report child abuse is15 times more likely to occur. This children use alcohol as an excuse to their wanton behaviours.Physical InjuryMost often family violence takes different forms; it may be emotional, physical or psychological. Where there is physical abuse such as assault and battering, victims may suffer bruises, bodily injury such as broken limbs as well as death if care is not taken. Many victims of physical abuse are women and children since they are not strong enough to defend themselves as was my case.Prevention of Domestic ViolencePrevention of domestic violence requires understanding the circumstances and factors that influence violence. According to experts from the Centre for Disease Control, there is a four level strategy that should be employed in order to prevent occurrence of violence. This is defined as a social ecological model that facilitates the better understanding of violence to and potential strategies for prevention. Th ey argue that the model considers the complexity of the interplay between individual, community, relationship and societal factors, which further permits us to tackle the issues of risk and protective factors from a number of sources (Johnson, 36).The four main levels for prevention of domestic violence are Individual-level influences, Relationship-level influences, Societal-level influences and community level.Individual-level influencesAccording to the experts in CDC, personal history factors of an individual normally increase the chances of becoming an Intimate Partner Violence victim or perpetrator. For instance, the attitudes and beliefs about violence, experience of previous cases of violence and/or a family history of violence may contribute tremendously to the possibility of a continuous trend of violence; at this level prevention strategies are designed to enhance attitudes, behaviours and beliefs that support family unity and intimacy based on a symbiotic relationship that involves respect, trust and equality. These can be taught through education and life skills training so as to enhance a wholesome development of a society.Relationship-level influencesThere are also factors that increase risk of perpetration of domestic violence of the kind of relationship that exists between peers, family members and intimate partners. According to Krug et al (22), this is referred to as the relationship-level influences. An individual’s closest social circle partners, peers and family members will greatly influence their behaviour as well as greatly contribute to their experiences. Parents are encouraged to offer good parenthood to their children by listening to their issues as well as making positive comments that will be a seed to a positive attitude to the children. At this level therefore, prevention strategies may include mentoring and peer programs designed to promote intimate partnerships based on mutual respect, equality, and trust.Community LevelThe t hird level of strategy is at the community level which aims at   examining the contexts in which social relationships are developed, this include places   such as such as schools, neighborhoods and workplaces, at this level, the strategy seeks to identify the specific features in these settings that are characteristic of   victims or the perpetrators of violence. At this level prevention strategies are meant to positively influence the processes, climate, and policies in a given situation. More often than not, awareness campaigns are used to foster a communal environment that will enhance intimate partnerships based on equality, trust and mutual respect (Krug et al, 25)Societal-level influencesFinally, there is the Societal-level which is a combination of larger, macro-level factors, among them religious factors, gender inequality, culture and beliefs orientation, a communities norms, as well as policies developed to influence the occurrence of violence, such policies may be economi c or social. Normally, at this level collaborations by anti violence partners to inform and come up with socially accepted norms, policies, and legislations that support unity both in gender and economy so as to encourage intimate partnerships (Krug et al, 27).Domestic violence is a serious problem all over the world. In order to prevent domestic abuse there are several things that you can do to make sure that this situation does not occur within your family. Furthermore, actions can also be taken to promote the prevention of domestic abuse on a wider scale in order to help those who are already suffering from this terrible issue. Exposure to good programming on the mass media channels will also go a long way in as far as prevention of domestic violence is concerned, Krug (32) states that if children are exposed to “abusive” media such as action films and programmes like wrestling at a tender age, they are most likely going to be perpetrators of violence since it is what they go t used to. Any shows on the radio and television that promote abuse should not be allowed. If already exposed to violence, as was my case then guiding and counseling would provide a safe landing to avoid further occurrences. A good counseling process will help in making an individual understand himself and get over the abuse he/she has been exposed to.Conclusion and RecommendationsAccording to Johnson(38) Domestic violence is a major problem facing about 3.3 million children ever year in the United States, its consequences affect children in many ways, children subjected and exposed to domestic violence stand a risk of developing behavioral problems. As a child grows the trauma that they experience as witnesses of family violence play a very important role in their growth and subsequent physical well being. These children stand a very high risk of developing physical, behavioral, and social problems, as well as emotional problems. Children from such families more often than not deve lop conflicting feelings of distrust and affection towards the abusive parent; they also become overprotective of the victim.Being a firsthand victim of domestic violence, I strongly recommend that the state should come up with strict legislation that will protect the children and generally families exposed to violence. I further recommend that children exposed to domestic violence should be exposed to a safe nurturing environment so as to encourage a healthy development. Caregivers should reassure the children as well as increase sense of security through taking the children step by step in explaining things that worry the children as well as comforting them. Finally, all family members should be more involved in assisting families facing domestic violence.

How Will Global Warming Change Earth - 851 Words

In two recent articles published in National Geographic and NASA Earth Observatory, â€Å"Signs From Earth: No Room to Run† and â€Å"How Will Global Warming Change Earth?†, both articles serve to raise the reader’s awareness and challenges us to see deeper into the serious implications global warming has, not only in our lives, but also into the life of our fragile ecosystem as well. And while both articles share a distinct similarity in delivering to a audience a message that is both omniscient and foretelling, National Geographic’s article is more informative than NASA’s Earth Observatory for reasons as they are listed below: ï  ¶ National Geographic’s â€Å"Signs From Earth: No Room to Run† has wider scope for the reader to draw from than NASA’s â€Å"How Will Global Warming Change Earth?†; ï  ¶ There is a greater purpose in National Geographic’s article than in the one by NASA’s Earth Observatory -- which, by the way, does not lead the reader astray with having left behind any unanswered questions; ï  ¶ And finally, â€Å"Signs From Earth: No Room to Run† far outweighed â€Å"How Will Global Warming Change Earth?† in terms of its originality and perspective, plain and simple. An obvious distinction between National Geographic’s, â€Å"Signs From Earth: No Room to Run† and NASA’s Earth Observatory, â€Å"How Will Global Warming Change Earth?† is its scope - which, in the title alone, shows in which direction each article is heading. And it is in this realm that National Geographic does not disappoint.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Global Warming On Earth1577 Words   |  7 PagesTo sustain life on earth, the earth temperature must be maintain at a very delicate figure. But what if the unthinkable happens? What if the earth’s temperature was to increase by a just mere half a degree, maybe a full or even two or three, the effects could be devastating to the environment, to me and to you. Unfortunately we may have the opportunity to see the effects of the earth temperature rising a few degrees in this lifetime. 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He has a lot of evidence to back up his theory about how global warming exists and that it is the reason animals are going extinct and also why the climate is changing. Well these facts are wrong and there is evidence to prove it. Global warming is not real and the Earth might even be in a cooling period. There so many reasonsRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Big Problem1320 Words   |  6 PagesGallos English 3 Global Warming Global warming is a big problem and impacts our environment in a negative way because it is heating the Earth. Global warming impacts all of the life around us even though not many people recognize it. There are many problems that global warming will make to our environment and it has already impacted it over time. Although, there are many problems, there are also solutions to stop global warming. Climate change is most closely related to global warming and many scientistsRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On Climate Change Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesThe global warming is a controversial and debated topic, but it is no surprise to most people. When we think about our future, we only think about our personal life effects and benefits. Global warming is also an important and troubling situation going on the planet earth. Changes in climate can be resulted from both human activities and natural. Human activities involve careless actions and burning fuels. On the other side, nat ural events cause climate change by volcanic eruptions. Human activitiesRead MoreGlobal Warming. Earth Is Constantly In The Struggles Of1188 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming Earth is constantly in the struggles of breaking down. From the extremely hot temperatures to the loss of trees, the planet we know as Earth slowly dies. A major cause of our Earth dying is due to the term we call global warming. The concept of global warming means the increase of Earth’s temperature. Global warming is just the people of Earth wasting our resources and polluting the world. People strive for larger constructions and better cars, yet all of this damage our environmentRead MoreGlobal Warming Is An Important Problem944 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal warming is an important problem which people all the world need to solve and prevent the affected of global warming. We just saw a small affected right now, but for a long time, it will take your life away. Why don’t we should do something to save the earth as save our life? One person can do nothing but a group of people can make different and change the world. We can do the small things from home, but it also he lps us save the earth. Firstly, I think we should create an organization toRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1267 Words   |  6 Pages Over the course of the years global warming has become a threatening issue that scientists and the government have been cognizant about. Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate. The earth periodically warms up and cools down. The Earth is currently going through a warming trend that coincides with the industrial revolution. ThisRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1338 Words   |  6 PagesOver the past years, the controversial issue of global warming has been primarily brought to the attention of the public. Global warming is generally assumed to be the main cause of rising average global temperature. The climate on the Earth is changing and there is no big surprise. It is believed that global warming is caused by many natural and manmade activities, which is affecting the planet by the seconds, minutes, hours, da ys, and years. Many may not even care about this serious issue, butRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Hoax1506 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Warming is a Hoax Since 1975, the surface of the earth s average temperature has risen by 0.9 degrees Fahrenheit; global warming caused by greenhouse effect has become the focus topic of the world. It has long been recognized academically that due to the burning of coal, oil, natural gas and so on the carbon dioxide is the main culprit of global warming. I watched a documentary, which called â€Å"The Great Global Warming Swindle.† In the documentary, the scientists pointed out that there is

English Colonial Unity During The 18th And Early 18th...

Jonathan Milovic Mr. Jones AP U.S. History 15 September 2016 English Colonial Unity During the 17th and early 18th centuries, many American colonists took it upon themselves to unify the English colonies. As Puritans and other settlers began to establish villages across the eastern coast of North America, they found that the only way for them to function properly was through peace and order. Unity was attained through agreements and constitutions laying down the first steps to self-government and democracy, and to a lesser extent a call to action between the colonists and the English crown. Written documents proved to be a major influence on the unification of the American colonies. Beginning as early as 1620, when the Separatist Pilgrims left the jurisdiction of the Church of England and escaped the â€Å"Dutchification† of their children in Holland to go to the New World, the establishment of self-government through the Mayflower Compact became present. It was heavily based off of the Magna Carta of 1215 which provided the foundation of the rule of law. Created and signed by the adult males onboard, the document stated that the Pilgrims would â€Å"combine [themselves] together into one civil body politic, for [their] better ordering and preservation† (Document 1). It went on to declare that they would abide by the newly formed laws and elect officers. This led to the creation of town meetings, places of direct democracy where men could work together with each other to create laws.Show MoreRelatedAp Euro Dutch Republic Dbq1220 Words   |  5 PagesDutch Republic DBQ In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic experienced a Golden Age and was able to maintain security, unity, and prosperity in its society and economy. The nation was considered a leading power, especially in trade and ideas, within Europe. However, it was not long before circumstances changed and the state face many problems establishing peace and agreement. 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D ittmar discovered that printing better-benefited port cities like Boston (DittmarRead MoreHistorical Context And Background Of Mark Twain Essay2286 Words   |  10 Pages Historical Context and Background: Before coming towards the colonial rule and how the British took control over India resulting to what was so good or so bad about it, it is very important to know about the history of this ancient civilization of the world. â€Å"The country of hundred nations and a hundred tongues, of a thousand religions and two million gods, cradle of the human race, birthplace of human speech, mother of history, grandmother of legend, great-grandmother of traditions, one sole countryRead MoreThe British Involvement Of India Essay2258 Words   |  10 Pages Historical Context and Background British involvement on the Indian subcontinent began early in the 17th Century through the British East India Company and its business ventures and dealings. 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Our families give us daily examples of these lessons beingRead MoreOrigin of Hindu Religion2457 Words   |  10 Pagesriver Indus, and into Greek as Indos, whence ultimately English India.[4] By the 13th century, the Persian loanword HindustÄ n emerged as a popular alternative name of India amongst Muslims and the Urdu speaking people, meaning the land of Hindus.[5] Originally, Hindu was a secular term which was used to describe all inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent irrespective of their religious affiliation. It occurs sporadically in some 16th-18th century Bengali Gaudiya Vaishnava texts, including Chaitanya

Shalimar the Clown Salman Rushdie Free Essays

The Clown Salaam Rushed The story begins with chapter Linda†. India is a young girl, ambassador’s daughter. His father is Max Pulls, American former ambassador to India, and now the counter-terrorism chief. We will write a custom essay sample on Shalimar the Clown Salman Rushdie or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this chapter writer describes her wish to know more about her dead mother and reason why her father don’t want to talk about her mother’s death. The plot of this chapter is settled in Los Angles in ass. There she met her father’s chauffeur who was known as Shalom The Clown. His real name was Oman, but later the writer describes the reason of him being called like that. Shalom always looked suspicious to India, and her suspicions about him made sense when she realized that Shalom was responsible for her father’s death. Reading that scene made me realism Shalom was cold assails. It was horrible when he slashed Man’s throat with a kitchen knife outside Indian’s apartment. Second chapter Is called Bonny. That’ s again name, and one of the main characters. It bring us back in year 1960, where we learn the real through about Man’s murder. Bonny was a young girl who lived in Kashmir together with Oman, know as Shalom the clown. When they et, they fell in love, and only when they had 14 years they got married. Nobody believed in their marriage. Claimer’s father Abdullah refused their marriage because he thought there Is no relationship between Hindu and Muslim. Kashmir was once a paradise on earth where all people, Muslim an Hindu lived together. It was the place full of happiness and peace. Shortly after their marriage Bonny moved to anaphora place because she wanted to become famous dancer and there she met her second choice, Max Pulls, who fell in with her and got her apartment in Delhi. Shortly after she got pregnant and she got India, but she gave her the name Kashmir. When Shalom noticed her betrayal, she went from sweetest, gentlest, and most open of any human being in Pacing† too cold assails. Bonny was killed, and Max and his daughter went back to America together with Man’s new British wife, who gave Kashmir name India. Shalom, who once worked as a Phasing’s clown, got a job in a organization called lord Mullahs†, which was Muslim organization made to fight with Hindus. He Joined various Jihad organization and became terrorist. How to cite Shalimar the Clown Salman Rushdie, Papers

Biology Anatomy of the Urinary Bladder

Question: Discuss about the Biologyfor Anatomy of the Urinary Bladder. Answer: Introduction The urinary system contains several organs which makes it to be able to function well. Each of its organs performs various functions which all together make it possible to store and finally pass urine, as indicated in figure 1. The urinary system is made up of two kidneys, the bladder, two ureters, nerves, and urethra and sphincter muscles. Once the body has absorbed the nutrients that it requires, the waste products are left in the blood. In this case, the lungs, skin, urinary system and the intestines work hand in hand so that the wastes and the water in blood can be brought to a balance. The urinary system is basically tasked with removing urea from the body. The urea is a waste product derived from the breakdown of proteins which is in turn transported to the kidneys by the renal arteries (Jones et al., 2013). The urine containing urea and other wastes are transported all the way to the bladder where storage occurs as it awaits release. In this paper, the information presented co ncerns the anatomy of the urinary bladder in order to perform its storage functions. The Anatomy of the Urinary Bladder for Storage Functions The urinary system contains elastic walls which are capable of expanding up to fifteen times the volume of its empty space. These walls are made up of smooth muscles which help in the emptying of urine. This system has got two sphincter muscles which help in holding of the urine while the smooth muscles walls have receptors that pass information on how much of the walls of the urinary system has been stretched enough and hence the need to release urine (Tarzamni et al., 2016). The urinary system is made up of the bladder and outflow tract. The opposite functions of the urethra and the bladder makes it possible for the storage of urine and eventual elimination to take place. Basically, the bladder is a hollow muscular structure which is dome shaped and is found on the pelvic cavity. This system therefore makes sure that urine is passed from the kidneys into the bladder through the ureters without any leakage. From there, the bladder again expels the urine through the urethra via a pro cess known as micturition. Initially, the urethral pressure falls and then it is followed by increased pressure in the bladder. This process is regulated by the muscles in the urinary system because it is complex and requires control. Moreover, this coordinated process is also under the control of the neuronal systems. It is important to note that the position of the urinary system is placed on different positions based on gender. For instance, in females, the urinary system is places at the inferior and anterior to the uterus while in male, it is located anterior to the rectum. The ureters extend from the medial side of the kidneys and proceeds down to the bladder whereby they enter from the poster lateral side. The area where the ureters meet with the urethra has different physiological features from the walls of the bladder as shown in table 1. The urethra maintains a balance by creating a feeling of relaxation when voiding and also contracts when it is not passing urine. The ureters travel up to the loop o f henle, a region which carries out extensive water reabsorption. Having made a hairpin turn, it moves up to the distal convoluted tubule where a lot of sodium ions is reabsorbed. The ureters are two in number, i.e. one for each kidney and are found on the pelvic region. The ureter which leads from the right side is shorter as compared to the one on the left. The ureters are approximately 8 to 10 centimeters long and are in constant state of contraction and relaxation so that urine can be propelled forward. More important, the ureters function more or less like valves so as to prevent the possible backflow of urine into the kidneys. If urine is allowed to sit in the kidneys for a long time, it can cause infection to the kidneys. The detrusor muscles are different in terms of structure and function of the muscles in the bladder. The detrusor muscles are arranged in a longitudinal manner and in circular fashion such that they bundle together and are linked together connective tissues as shown in figure 2. These smooth muscles contain cells which are spindle in shape and a central nucleus. Moreover, these cells are small in size so that when they are relaxed they can extend to a large surface to hold and store as much urine as possible (Rizzo, 2015). Th ese bundle shaped cells in the smooth muscles of the urinary system and particularly in the bladder forms fascicles, whose orientation in the walls of the bladder has roles which determine the shape as well as the intraluminal pressure. The urethra in males has several sections whereby the inner layer is thick and longitudinal; the middle layer is thin and circular while the outer layer is striated. The sphincter is important in the prevention of any urine from leaking until when the pressure inside the bladder strong enough to force it to the outside. The internal sphincter is an elastic tissue which is made up of smooth muscles (Scanlon Sanders, 2014). Outside the urethra lies a circular tissue which is made up of circular skeletal muscles and is commonly referred to as the external sphincter, which is more of a valve to control the flow of urine. This external sphincter does not differ in any way in terms of the anatomical features among the males and females. The filling and emptying of the bladder determines is shape, for instance, when the bladder is full, it has an oval shape but when it is empty, it is flattened. Conclusion There are numerous anatomical features which play important roles for the bladder to perform its storage functions. This ensures that urine is stored until when it i.e. released through the urethra t avoid backflow to the kidneys. Any abnormalities to the urinary system as a result of infection or injury make urine storage a huge problem. References Jones, T. C., Hard, G. C., Mohr, U. (Eds.). (2013). Urinary system. Springer Science Business Media. Rizzo, D. C. (2015). Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology. Cengage Learning. Scanlon, V. C., Sanders, T. (2014). Essentials of anatomy and physiology. FA Davis. Tarzamni, M. K., Nezami, N., Zomorrodi, A., Fathi-Noroozlou, S., Piri, R., Naghavi-Behzad, M., Bijan, B. (2016). Renal Collecting System Anatomy in Living Kidney Donors by Computed Tomographic Urography: Protocol Accuracy Compared to Intravenous Pyelographic and Surgical Findings. Journal of clinical imaging science, 6.